in.named(1Mtcp)
in.named --
Internet domain name server
named-
Internet domain name server
SYNOPSIS
in.named
-c config-file
-d debuglevel
-fgs
-n #cpus
-p port#
-t directory
-u user-id
-v
-x cache-file
DESCRIPTION
named
is a Domain Name System (DNS) server, part of the BIND 9 distribution
from ISC. For more information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
The named daemon is located in the file
/usr/sbin/in.named.
When invoked without arguments,
named
will read the default configuration file
/etc/named.conf ,
read any initial data, and listen for queries.
The options to
named
are as follows:
-c-
use
config-file
as the configuration file instead of the default,
/etc/named.conf .
To ensure that reloading the configuration file continues to
work after the server has changed its working directory
due to to a possible
directory
option in the configuration file,
config-file
should be an absolute pathname.
-d-
set the daemon's debug level to
debuglevel .
Debugging traces from
named
become more verbose as the debug level increases.
-f-
run
named
in the foreground.
-g-
run
named
in the foreground and force all logging to
stderr .
-n-
create
#cpus
worker threads to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
If no option is given,
named
will try to determine the number of CPUs present and create
one thread per CPU. If
named
is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a single worker thread
is created.
-p-
listen for queries on port
port#
instead of the default port number, 53.
-s-
write memory usage statistics to
stdout
on exit.
This option is mainly of interest
to BIND9 developers and may be removed or changed in a future release.
-t-
tells
named
to chroot() to
directory
immediately after reading its config file.
This should be used in conjunction with the
-u
option, as chrooting a process running as root doesn't
enhance security on most systems - the way chroot() is defined
allows a process with root privileges to escape the chroot jail.
-u-
run
named
as UID
user-id .
named
will change its UID after it has
carried out any privileged operations, such as
creating sockets that listen on privileged ports.
On Linux,
named
uses the kernel's capability mechanism to drop
all root privileges except the ability to bind() to a privileged
port. Unfortunately, this means that the "-u" option only works
when
named
is run on 2.3.99-pre3 or later kernel, since previous
kernels did not allow privileges to be retained after setuid().
-v-
report the version number and exit.
-x-
load data from
cache-file .
into the cache of the default view.
This option must not be used.
It is only of interest
to BIND9 developers and may be removed or changed in a future release.
SIGNALS
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control the
name server.
rndc
should be used instead.
Sending the name server a
SIGHUP
signal forces a reload of the server.
A
SIGINT
or
SIGTERM
signal can be used to gracefully shut down the server.
Sending any other signals to the name server
will have an undefined outcome.
FILES
/etc/named.conf-
default configuration file
/var/run/named.pid-
default process-id file
SEE ALSO
RFC1033,
RFC1034,
RFC1035,
rndc(1Mtcp),
lwresd(1Mtcp),
BIND Administrator's Guide.
© 2004 The SCO Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
UnixWare 7 Release 7.1.4 - 25 April 2004